"du" meaning in Old High German

See du in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Pronoun

IPA: /duː/
Etymology: From Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, whence also Old English þū, Old Norse þú, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Perhaps the earliest attestation of the pronoun is the inscription on the Bülach fibula, which may show ᛞᚢ (du) already differentiated from other Germanic languages’ þu. Etymology templates: {{inh|goh|gmw-pro|*þū}} Proto-West Germanic *þū, {{inh|goh|gem-pro|*þū}} Proto-Germanic *þū, {{cog|ang|þū}} Old English þū, {{cog|non|þú}} Old Norse þú, {{inh|goh|ine-pro|*túh₂}} Proto-Indo-European *túh₂ Head templates: {{head|goh|pronoun|head=dū}} dū Forms: dū [canonical], no-table-tags [table-tags], ih [first-person, nominative, personal, pronoun, singular], ihha, ihcha [first-person, nominative, personal, pronoun, singular], mīn [first-person, genitive, personal, pronoun, singular], mir [dative, first-person, personal, pronoun, singular], mih [accusative, first-person, personal, pronoun, singular], dū [nominative, personal, pronoun, second-person, singular], dīn [genitive, personal, pronoun, second-person, singular], dir [dative, personal, pronoun, second-person, singular], dih [accusative, personal, pronoun, second-person, singular], er (her) [masculine, nominative, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], sīn [genitive, masculine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], imu [dative, masculine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], imo [dative, masculine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], inan [accusative, masculine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], in [accusative, masculine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], siu [feminine, nominative, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], sī [feminine, nominative, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], si [feminine, nominative, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], ira (iru, iro) [feminine, genitive, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], iru [dative, feminine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], iro [dative, feminine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], sia [accusative, feminine, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], iz [neuter, nominative, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], es [genitive, neuter, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], is [genitive, neuter, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], imu [dative, neuter, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], imo [dative, neuter, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], iz [accusative, neuter, personal, pronoun, singular, third-person], wir [first-person, nominative, personal, plural, pronoun], unsēr [first-person, genitive, personal, plural, pronoun], uns [dative, first-person, personal, plural, pronoun], unsih [accusative, first-person, personal, plural, pronoun], ir [also, nominative, personal, plural, polite, pronoun, second-person, singular], iuwēr [also, genitive, personal, plural, polite, pronoun, second-person, singular], iu [also, dative, personal, plural, polite, pronoun, second-person, singular], iuwih [accusative, also, personal, plural, polite, pronoun, second-person, singular], sie [neuter, nominative, personal, plural, pronoun, third-person], iro [genitive, neuter, personal, plural, pronoun, third-person], im [dative, neuter, personal, plural, pronoun, third-person], in [dative, neuter, personal, plural, pronoun, third-person], sie [accusative, neuter, personal, plural, pronoun, third-person], sio [feminine, nominative, personal, plural, pronoun, third-person], sio [feminine, genitive, personal, plural, pronoun, third-person], siu [neuter, nominative, personal, plural, pronoun, third-person], siu [genitive, neuter, personal, plural, pronoun, third-person], thū [alternative], ᛞᚢ [alternative]
  1. thou, you (second-person singular pronoun)
    Sense id: en-du-goh-pron-3FbTf~ST Categories (other): Old High German entries with incorrect language header, Old High German pronouns, Old High German terms with redundant script codes, Old High German terms with redundant transliterations, Pages with 75 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with language headings in the wrong order

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Swabian",
              "lang_code": "swg",
              "word": "dau"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Swabian",
              "lang_code": "swg",
              "word": "d"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Alemannic German",
          "lang_code": "gsw",
          "word": "du"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Cimbrian",
              "lang_code": "cim",
              "word": "du"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Mòcheno",
              "lang_code": "mhn",
              "word": "du"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Bavarian",
          "lang_code": "bar"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Hunsrik",
              "lang_code": "hrx",
              "word": "du"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Kölsch",
              "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
              "word": "do"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Central Franconian",
          "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
          "word": "du"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Hunsrik",
              "lang_code": "hrx",
              "word": "du"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Kölsch",
              "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
              "word": "do"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Central Franconian",
          "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
          "word": "dou"
        },
        {
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "word": "du"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "du"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Palatine German",
              "lang_code": "pfl",
              "word": "du"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Pennsylvania German",
              "lang_code": "pdc",
              "word": "du"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Rhine Franconian",
          "lang_code": "gmw-rfr"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "lang_code": "yi",
          "roman": "du",
          "word": "דו"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle High German",
      "lang_code": "gmh",
      "word": "du"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*þū",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þū"
    ],
    [
      "*þū",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þū"
    ],
    [
      "þū",
      "þu#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "þú",
      "þú#Old_Norse"
    ],
    [
      "*túh₂",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/túh₂"
    ],
    [
      "ᛞᚢ",
      "ᛞᚢ#Old_High_German"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þū"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þū",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þū"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þū",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "þū"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þū",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "þú"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse þú",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*túh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, whence also Old English þū, Old Norse þú, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Perhaps the earliest attestation of the pronoun is the inscription on the Bülach fibula, which may show ᛞᚢ (du) already differentiated from other Germanic languages’ þu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dū",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l-self",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ihha, ihcha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mīn",
      "links": [
        [
          "mīn",
          "min#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mir",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "first-person",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dū",
      "links": [
        [
          "dū",
          "du#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dīn",
      "links": [
        [
          "dīn",
          "din#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dir",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "er (her)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sīn",
      "links": [
        [
          "sīn",
          "sin#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "siu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sī",
          "si#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "si",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ira (iru, iro)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iru",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sia",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "es",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unsēr",
      "links": [
        [
          "unsēr",
          "unser#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uns",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unsih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "first-person",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "polite",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iuwēr",
      "links": [
        [
          "iuwēr",
          "iuwer#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "polite",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "dative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "polite",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iuwih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "also",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "polite",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "im",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sio",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sio",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "siu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "siu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thū",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᛞᚢ",
      "roman": "du",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "head": "dū"
      },
      "expansion": "dū",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old High German",
  "lang_code": "goh",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old High German pronouns",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old High German terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old High German terms with redundant transliterations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 75 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with language headings in the wrong order",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[my] beloved / you / […]",
          "ref": "c. late 500s – early 600s, Inscription on the Bülach Fibula",
          "text": "ᚠᚱᛁᚠᚱᛁᛞᛁᛚ / ᛞᚢ / […]\nfrifridil / du / […]",
          "translation": "[my] beloved / you / […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "thou, you (second-person singular pronoun)"
      ],
      "id": "en-du-goh-pron-3FbTf~ST",
      "links": [
        [
          "thou",
          "thou"
        ],
        [
          "you",
          "you"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/duː/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "du"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 75 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with language headings in the wrong order"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "descendants": [
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Swabian",
              "lang_code": "swg",
              "word": "dau"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Swabian",
              "lang_code": "swg",
              "word": "d"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Alemannic German",
          "lang_code": "gsw",
          "word": "du"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Cimbrian",
              "lang_code": "cim",
              "word": "du"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Mòcheno",
              "lang_code": "mhn",
              "word": "du"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Bavarian",
          "lang_code": "bar"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Hunsrik",
              "lang_code": "hrx",
              "word": "du"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Kölsch",
              "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
              "word": "do"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Central Franconian",
          "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
          "word": "du"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Hunsrik",
              "lang_code": "hrx",
              "word": "du"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Kölsch",
              "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
              "word": "do"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Central Franconian",
          "lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
          "word": "dou"
        },
        {
          "lang": "German",
          "lang_code": "de",
          "word": "du"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Luxembourgish",
          "lang_code": "lb",
          "word": "du"
        },
        {
          "descendants": [
            {
              "lang": "Palatine German",
              "lang_code": "pfl",
              "word": "du"
            },
            {
              "lang": "Pennsylvania German",
              "lang_code": "pdc",
              "word": "du"
            }
          ],
          "lang": "Rhine Franconian",
          "lang_code": "gmw-rfr"
        },
        {
          "lang": "Yiddish",
          "lang_code": "yi",
          "roman": "du",
          "word": "דו"
        }
      ],
      "lang": "Middle High German",
      "lang_code": "gmh",
      "word": "du"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*þū",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/þū"
    ],
    [
      "*þū",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þū"
    ],
    [
      "þū",
      "þu#Old_English"
    ],
    [
      "þú",
      "þú#Old_Norse"
    ],
    [
      "*túh₂",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/túh₂"
    ],
    [
      "ᛞᚢ",
      "ᛞᚢ#Old_High_German"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*þū"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þū",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þū"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þū",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "þū"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þū",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "non",
        "2": "þú"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse þú",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*túh₂"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, whence also Old English þū, Old Norse þú, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂. Perhaps the earliest attestation of the pronoun is the inscription on the Bülach fibula, which may show ᛞᚢ (du) already differentiated from other Germanic languages’ þu.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dū",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "l-self",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ihha, ihcha",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mīn",
      "links": [
        [
          "mīn",
          "min#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mir",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "mih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "first-person",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dū",
      "links": [
        [
          "dū",
          "du#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dīn",
      "links": [
        [
          "dīn",
          "din#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dir",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "er (her)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sīn",
      "links": [
        [
          "sīn",
          "sin#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "inan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "siu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sī",
      "links": [
        [
          "sī",
          "si#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "si",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ira (iru, iro)",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iru",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sia",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "es",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "pronoun",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "wir",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unsēr",
      "links": [
        [
          "unsēr",
          "unser#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "uns",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "unsih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "first-person",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ir",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "polite",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iuwēr",
      "links": [
        [
          "iuwēr",
          "iuwer#Old_High_German"
        ]
      ],
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "polite",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "also",
        "dative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "polite",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iuwih",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "also",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "polite",
        "pronoun",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "iro",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "im",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "in",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sie",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sio",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sio",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "siu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "siu",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "personal",
        "plural",
        "pronoun",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "thū",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ᛞᚢ",
      "roman": "du",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "pronoun",
        "head": "dū"
      },
      "expansion": "dū",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old High German",
  "lang_code": "goh",
  "pos": "pron",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old High German entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old High German lemmas",
        "Old High German pronouns",
        "Old High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old High German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
        "Old High German terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Old High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
        "Old High German terms with quotations",
        "Old High German terms with redundant script codes",
        "Old High German terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Pages with 75 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with language headings in the wrong order"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "[my] beloved / you / […]",
          "ref": "c. late 500s – early 600s, Inscription on the Bülach Fibula",
          "text": "ᚠᚱᛁᚠᚱᛁᛞᛁᛚ / ᛞᚢ / […]\nfrifridil / du / […]",
          "translation": "[my] beloved / you / […]",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "thou, you (second-person singular pronoun)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thou",
          "thou"
        ],
        [
          "you",
          "you"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/duː/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "du"
}

Download raw JSONL data for du meaning in Old High German (9.8kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Old High German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.